Papers and Presentations

Abstract

The current standard of practice for sizing stormwater infiltration facilities typically relies on one-dimensional (1D) test methods that do not account for the full dynamics of groundwater flow, including lateral flow and capillary flow. Although some agencies allow methods that do account for lateral and capillary flow, these methods are relatively small-scale and may not replicate the effects of soil layering below a full-scale infiltration facility. The uncased and cased methods evaluated in this study account for lateral and capillary flow and can be used to evaluate both small-scale and large-scale infiltration tests in a broad range of test facilities, including excavated pits, uncased shallow boreholes, and deep cased wells. This study provides numerically calibrated shape factors for both glacially consolidated and normally consolidated soils that are generally considered suitable for stormwater infiltration [saturated hydraulic conductivity (𝐾𝑠)>0.1  m/d⁢a⁢y]. Soil sorptive numbers (𝛼*), which quantify the degree of soil capillarity, were also calculated for the 10 representative soils evaluated in this study. Using the 𝛼* estimates and calibrated shape factors developed for this study, these methods can provide estimates of 𝐾𝑠 with a bias range of 0.87–1.13 and an average bias of 0.99. Bias is the calculated 𝐾𝑠 based on the constant-head borehole permeameter method divided by the specified 𝐾𝑠 used in the numerical model. As demonstrated in this study, the constant-head borehole permeameter methods are well-suited for predicting the flow capacity of full-scale infiltration facilities. 

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This presentation presents the results of research on infiltration test methods and demonstrates methods for designing and sizing both horizontal infiltration facilities (e.g., bioretention facilities, permeable pavement, and ponds) and drywells.

This paper extends the borehole permeameter method for conducting stormwater infiltration testing in glacially over-consolidated soils.

This presentation demonstrates the limitations of current infiltration testing methods in Washington State and Los Angeles County and shows how the borehole permeameter (BP) method can be used to predicting the performance of infiltration facilities

This is an older paper from Scott Kindred's Master's Thesis that has been cited approximately 270 times in subsequent papers according to Google Scholar. The paper provides a conceptual model of subsurface contaminant transport with biodegradation.  Email scottk@kindredhydro.com to request a copy of the paper.